Hypertension
About Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a persistent condition where the force of blood against your artery walls is too high, often requiring consistent readings of 120/80 mm Hg or higher to diagnose. It is a significant risk factor for serious health problems like heart attack, stroke, and heart failure, yet it usually shows no symptoms, earning it the nickname "the silent killer". Management involves lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management, alongside prescribed medications.
What is Hypertension?
- Definition: High blood pressure (hypertension) is when the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries is too high.
- Measurement: Blood pressure is measured with two numbers: systolic pressure (the top number, when the heart pumps blood out) and diastolic pressure (the bottom number, when the heart is resting between beats).
- Diagnostic Criteria: A reading of 120/80 mm Hg or higher is considered hypertension.
Symptoms
- “The Silent Killer”:
Hypertension typically has no symptoms, which is why getting your blood pressure checked regularly is so important.
- When Symptoms Occur:
Dangerously high blood pressure can sometimes lead to symptoms like blurred vision, headaches, shortness of breath, or chest pain, which require immediate medical attention.
Management and Treatment
Lifestyle Changes
Diet
Reduce sodium intake and eat a healthy diet.
Exercise
Engage in regular aerobic activities like walking or swimming.
Other factors
Quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, and managing stress can also help.
Medications
Healthcare providers may prescribe medications to control blood pressure.
Who is at risk?
- Age: Blood pressure often rises with age.
- Lifestyle: Being overweight, a diet high in salt, lack of exercise, and excessive alcohol consumption are risk factors.
- Genetics: Hypertension tends to run in families, so having a parent with the condition increases your risk.