Ovarian Cyst
About ovarian cyst
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac on the ovary that is usually benign and resolves on its own. Most ovarian cysts are functional, caused by the normal menstrual cycle, and may not cause symptoms. Common symptoms include pelvic pain, bloating, and feeling full quickly, but severe pain with nausea, fainting, or sudden severe pain can signal a serious complication like a ruptured or twisted cyst, requiring emergency medical attention. Treatment depends on the cyst's size, symptoms, and type, with most requiring no treatment, though surgery may be needed for large, persistent, complex, or cancerous cysts.
What They Are
Ovarian cysts are common, with most women developing them at some point.
They are sacs filled with fluid (or sometimes other tissue) that form on or within the ovary.
Types of Ovarian Cysts
- Functional Cysts: The most common type, these are part of the normal menstrual cycle and often disappear within a few months.
- Endometriomas: Cysts caused by endometriosis.
- Cystadenomas: Cysts that form on the surface of the ovary.
- Dermoid Cysts: Cysts that can contain tissues like bone or hair.
- Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal imbalance associated with multiple small cysts on the ovaries.
Symptoms
Many cysts cause no symptoms.
When they do, they may include: Pelvic pain that is dull or constant, Bloating or abdominal swelling, Pain during intercourse or bowel movements, Feeling full after eating a small amount of food, and Changes in menstrual periods.
When to Seek Emergency Care
Seek immediate medical help if you experience:
Sudden, severe pelvic pain with nausea and vomiting Fainting or dizziness